What is the primary characteristic of Cushing's syndrome?

Cushing's syndrome is primarily characterized by the over secretion of adrenal cortex hormones, particularly cortisol. This condition often results from the body's adrenal glands producing excessive amounts of cortisol, which can be due to various factors, including tumors on the adrenal glands or the pituitary gland (which stimulates cortisol production). The elevation of cortisol levels leads to a range of symptoms, such as weight gain, particularly around the midsection and face, skin changes, high blood pressure, and increased blood sugar levels.

Understanding the proper balance of adrenal hormones is crucial for maintaining bodily functions, and Cushing's syndrome represents a state of hypercortisolism that can lead to significant health issues if not managed appropriately. Factors that may cause under secretion of adrenal hormones or deficiencies in cortisol production do not apply in this context, as they describe conditions opposite to Cushing's syndrome. The reference to prostate enlargement is unrelated to the primary characteristics of this syndrome.